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When Baby Needs Special Care
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The NICU
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Newborn Warning Signs
in
The NICU
Most newborns adjust well to the outside world. But it's helpful to know about these warning signs that could indicate a possible problem.
...more
When a Baby Has Difficulty After Birth
in
The NICU
Some babies may have difficulty at birth. These include babies who are born prematurely, have a difficult delivery, or have birth defects.
...more
Prematurity
in
Weight and Growth Problems
A baby born before 37 weeks of pregnancy is considered premature or born too early. The number of premature births in the U.S. is rising. Twins and other multiples are more likely to be premature than single birth babies.
...more
Very Low Birth Weight
in
Weight and Growth Problems
Very low birth weight is a term used to describe babies who are born weighing less than 3 pounds, 4 ounces. It is very rare that babies are born this tiny. Only about 1 in 100 babies born in the U.S. are very low birth weight.
...more
Sex During Pregnancy
in
Respiratory Disorders
In most cases, sex during pregnancy is safe. In fact, with your healthcare provider's approval, sexual relations can continue until delivery.
...more
Chronic Lung Disease in Premature Babies
in
Respiratory Disorders
Chronic lung disease is the general term for long-term breathing problems in premature babies. It’s also called bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Here's what you need ot know about this condition.
...more
Blood Types in Pregnancy
in
Blood Disorders
A baby may have the blood type and Rh factor of either parent, or a combination of both parents.
...more
Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn (HDN)
in
Blood Disorders
Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) is a blood problem in newborns. It occurs when your baby's red blood cells break down at a fast rate. It’s also called erythroblastosis fetalis.
...more
Blood Circulation in the Fetus and Newborn
in
Heart Disorders
During pregnancy, the fetal lungs are not used for breathing - the placenta does the work of exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide through the mother's circulation. With the first breaths of air the baby takes at birth, the fetal circulation changes.
...more
Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)
in
Heart Disorders
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a heart defect found in the days or weeks after birth. Read on to learn about symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options.
...more
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in Newborns
in
Fever and Infections
CMV (cytomegalovirus) is a herpes virus. It is very common. It affects people of all ages and in all parts of the U.S. In most cases CMV causes mild symptoms, or no symptoms at all. But it can cause serious problems in an unborn baby or newborn.
...more
Group B Streptococcus Infection in Babies
in
Fever and Infections
Group B streptococcus (strep) is a type of bacteria. It can be found in the digestive tract, urinary tract, and genital area of adults. About 1 in 4 pregnant women carry GBS in their rectum or vagina. During pregnancy, the mother can pass the infection to the baby. The fetus can get GBS during pregnancy. Newborns can get it from the mother's genital tract during delivery.
...more
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)
in
Other Conditions
Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is the sudden and unexplained death of a baby younger than 1 year old. SIDS is sometimes called crib death because the death may happen when a baby is sleeping in a crib. It’s one of the leading causes of death in babies from ages 1 month to 1 year. It happens most often between 2 and 4 months old.
...more
Birth Injuries
in
Other Conditions
Some babies have a more difficult trip through the birth canal than others, resulting in physical injuries. These injuries usually are not serious and clear up or improve within a few days or weeks after the birth.
...more
Hypoglycemia in a Newborn Baby
in
Blood Disorders
,
Blood Sugar Disorders
Hypoglycemia is when the level of sugar (glucose) in the blood is too low. Glucose is the main source of fuel for the brain and the body. In a newborn baby, low blood sugar can happen for many reasons. It can cause problems such as shakiness, blue tint to the skin, and breathing and feeding problems.
...more
Infant of a Mother with Diabetes
in
Blood Sugar Disorders
An infant of a mother with diabetes is a baby who is born to a mother with diabetes. Because the mother has diabetes, the baby is at risk for problems.
...more
Necrotizing Enterocolitis in the Newborn
in
Digestive Disorders
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a serious illness in newborns. It happens when tissue in the large intestine (colon) gets inflamed. This inflammation damages and sometimes kills the tissue in your baby’s colon.
...more
Gastroesophageal Reflux in Children
in
Digestive Disorders
Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is a digestive disorder. Gastroesophageal refers to the stomach and esophagus. The esophagus is the tube that connects the throat to the stomach. Reflux means to flow back or return.
...more
Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome
in
Babies, Drugs, and Alcohol
Neonatal abstinence syndrome is what happens when babies are exposed to drugs in the womb before birth. Babies can then go through drug withdrawal after birth.
...more
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD)
in
Babies, Drugs, and Alcohol
A baby born to a mother who drinks alcohol during pregnancy can have many problems. This is called fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD).
...more
Retinopathy of Prematurity
in
Vision and Hearing Disorders
Retinopathy of prematurity is an eye problem that happens to premature babies. The retina lines the back of the eye. It receives light as it comes through the pupil. From there, the optic nerve sends signals to the brain. Retinopathy of prematurity is a problem of the blood vessels of the retina.
...more
Hearing Loss in Babies
in
Vision and Hearing Disorders
Hearing loss in babies is rare in this country. But when it does happen, it's important to diagnose it early. Undetected hearing loss can delay speech and language development.
...more
Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Babies
in
Brain Disorders
Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is bleeding inside or around the ventricles in the brain. The ventricles are the spaces in the brain that contain the cerebral spinal fluid.
...more
Periventricular Leukomalacia (PVL) in Children
in
Brain Disorders
Periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) is a softening of white brain tissue near the ventricles. The ventricles are fluid-filled chambers in the brain.
...more
Anorectal Malformation in Children
in
Birth Defects and Genetic Disorders
Anorectal malformations are birth defects, or problems that happen as an unborn baby is developing during pregnancy. With this defect, the anus and rectum don’t develop properly. They are the lower part of the digestive tract.
...more
Birth Defects in Children
in
Birth Defects and Genetic Disorders
A birth defect is a health problem or abnormal physical change that is present when a baby is born. Birth defects can be very mild, where the baby looks and acts like any other baby. Or birth defects can be more severe.
...more
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